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Do you know what’s in your water? For too many Americans, turning on their faucets for a glass of water or to take a shower is like pouring a cocktail of chemicals. Access to clean drinking water is a basic human right, yet millions of Americans unknowingly consume water tainted with hazardous contaminants. EWG’s (Environmental Working Group) latest analysis includes water quality data from nearly 50,000 water systems collected between 2021 and 2023. It identified 324 contaminants in drinking water across the country, with almost all community water systems having detectable contaminants. While some of these pollutants exceed federal legal limits, most contaminants are detected in tap water at levels above stricter health-based standards established by EWG scientists, putting millions of Americans at risk. Read more here: https://www.ewg.org/news-insights/news-release/2025/02/ewg-tap-water-database-update-shows-hundreds-contaminants Key findings include: PFAS: EPA data reveal that over 143 million people are exposed to PFAS in their drinking water. These toxic chemicals, which accumulate in the body and do not break down in the environment, have been linked to cancer, immune suppression, fetal harm and reduced vaccine effectiveness. PFAS have been detected in nearly every American’s blood, including newborns. Volatile organic compounds: VOCs like trichloroethylene or TCE, perchloroethylene and benzene are widespread contaminants linked to industrial pollution and environmental persistence. These chemicals, even at low concentrations, can cause cancer, liver damage and neurological issues. They are found in tap water at levels ranging from parts per trillion to parts per billion. Nitrate: Nitrates from farm runoff and wastewater can contaminate drinking water, especially in rural areas. Long-term exposure to high nitrate levels can cause serious health problems, including cancer, thyroid issues and harm to developing babies. Nitrate contamination is particularly dangerous for infants, especially when used in baby formula, as it can lead to life-threatening conditions like methemoglobinemia. Heavy metals: Arsenic is a naturally occurring mineral that causes bladder, lung and skin cancer as well as harm to the skin and lungs. Arsenic is found in drinking water in all 50 states Hexavalent chromium, or chromium-6, is a carcinogen made infamous by the Erin Brockovich case in California, and is in the tap water of over 250 million Americans. There is no federal limit for chromium-6, despite its widespread presence and link to cancer and organ damage. Disinfection byproducts: Chlorine disinfectants used to treat water can form harmful byproducts linked to cancer and reproductive health issues. These byproducts are consistently found in large water systems serving millions of people. Radiological contaminants: Radium and uranium were detected in many water systems, sometimes exceeding EPA limits. Long-term exposure can lead to neurological disorders, developmental delays and organ damage. Radioactive elements like radium and uranium, naturally occurring or released from mining and industrial processes, increase cancer risk due to ionizing radiation. Fluoride: While fluoride is added to water for dental health, high levels can cause dental and skeletal fluorosis and may harm children’s neurodevelopment. Some communities have seen fluoride concentrations exceed recommended limits   At Tools for Wellness, we take clean water seriously!  We work with some of the best manufactures; testing the quality, durability, and function of our systems. The number of contaminants in tap water can be overwhelming,  their effects on health can be pretty scary. No need to panic… there are simple, in-home water filters for every problem you’re likely to encounter.  Not sure what filtration is best for you?We can help.  Email or call us.

Hydrogen-infused water is becoming one of the most exciting hydration trends and for good reason. Unlike regular water, hydrogen water contains additional dissolved molecular hydrogen (H₂), which acts as a selective antioxidant. Because hydrogen is incredibly small, it can easily pass through cell membranes and reach deep into tissues and mitochondria, supporting the body at a cellular level.

6 Tips for Better Sleep – Mayo Clinic Many factors can interfere with a good night’s sleep — from work stress and family responsibilities to illnesses. It’s no wonder that quality sleep is sometimes elusive. You might not be able to control the factors that interfere with your sleep. However, you can adopt habits that encourage better sleep. Start with these simple tips. 1. Stick to a sleep schedule Set aside no more than eight hours for sleep. The recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult is at least seven hours. Most people don’t need more than eight hours in bed to be well rested. Go to bed and get up at the same time every day, including weekends. Being consistent reinforces your body’s sleep-wake cycle. If you don’t fall asleep within about 20 minutes of going to bed, leave your bedroom and do something relaxing. Read or listen to soothing music. Go back to bed when you’re tired. Repeat as needed, but continue to maintain your sleep schedule and wake-up time. 2. Pay attention to what you eat and drink Don’t go to bed hungry or stuffed. In particular, avoid heavy or large meals within a couple of hours of bedtime. Discomfort might keep you up. Nicotine, caffeine and alcohol deserve caution, too. The stimulating effects of nicotine and caffeine take hours to wear off and can interfere with sleep. And even though alcohol might make you feel sleepy at first, it can disrupt sleep later in the night. 3. Create a restful environment Keep your room cool, dark and quiet. Exposure to light in the evenings might make it more challenging to fall asleep. Avoid prolonged use of light-emitting screens just before bedtime. Consider using room-darkening shades, earplugs, a fan or other devices to create an environment that suits your needs. Doing calming activities before bedtime, such as taking a bath or using relaxation techniques, might promote better sleep. 4. Limit daytime naps Long daytime naps can interfere with nighttime sleep. Limit naps to no more than one hour and avoid napping late in the day. However, if you work nights, you might need to nap late in the day before work to help make up your sleep debt. 5. Include physical activity in your daily routine Regular physical activity can promote better sleep. However, avoid being active too close to bedtime. Spending time outside every day might be helpful, too. 6. Manage worries Try to resolve your worries or concerns before bedtime. Jot down what’s on your mind and then set it aside for tomorrow. Stress management might help. Start with the basics, such as getting organized, setting priorities and delegating tasks. Meditation also can ease anxiety. Tools for Wellness:  Everyone has an occasional sleepless night.  If your looking to change sleep patterns for better more consistent sleep, Tools for Wellness offers many tools for improving sleep and retraining the brain and body.  www.toolsforwellness.com

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Download Chart:   Food vs Doof Chart Eliminating Bad & Good Habits Download Chart:  Restore Hunger Control Chart Your Success Additional Information: Download Hunger Control & Leptin Reference Sheet:  Leptin Signaling Complex Reference Sheet Leptin Details: Leptin is a natural hormone used to help control hunger. It is well known that leptin signaling is one of the body’s most powerful hormones in regulating food intake and body weight gain.  This cell signaling is primarily due to leptin receptor activation in two areas of the brain called the hypothalamus and hippocampus.  For many of us excessive consumption is not because of hunger related to need for nutrients.  Rather, it is in response to feeling stressed or anxious.  Given leptin’s diverse influences in the brain, it is not surprising that years of research on leptin actions have demonstrated a powerful role in how we feel anxious and eat excessively.   The following are some questions many of us ask ourselves… Do I eat because I am stressed? Do I eat because I am feeling anxious? What are signs that I’m feeling stressed or anxious? Do the beverages and foods I consume when feeling anxious have nutritional value, or do they tend to be high fat, high sugar, processed ‘foods’? Does anxiety-related eating have hormonal control? Does dysfunctional or reduced leptin signaling play a role in eating when I feel anxious or stressed?   Leptin is a Unique Master Hormone. The hormone leptin is mostly created and secreted from adipocytes (fat cells), and influences numerous physiological processes that include food intake, cravings, addictions, body weight, energy consumption, memory, neuroprotection, and emotional behaviors, (Myers, 2009).  Leptin receptors are expressed in numerous brain regions which include: hypothalamus, midbrain dopamine neurons of the ventral tegmental area (VTA), amygdala, nucleus accumbens, and prefrontal cortex of the limbic region. There are two types of dopamine receptors expressed in the central amygdala, of which the ones called the D1 receptors are shown by research to affect anxiety behaviors, (de la Mora, 2005).  On a practical level, in that we are continuously bombarded with appetite stimulating imagines, leptin has been found to reduce activation of the ventral striatum to images of food, (Baiey, 2007).   Signs of feeling stressed or anxious. Reduced social interaction is a measure of anxiety, (File, 2003). It is hard to measure anxiety and leptin effects so mice studies are usually used.  It is found that leptin injections in mice significantly decreased their immobility times, (Liu,2014), which is seen as a measure of “behavioral despair” which is an indicator of depression and also increased elevated maze (a type of test use to measure anxiety) exploration which demonstrates leptin effectiveness in reducing anxiety-related behavior.  Leptin injections in mice also demonstrated increased social behaviors and interactions, (Liu,2014). The dopamine neurons  in the VTA  when inactivated show enhanced anxiogenic-like (increased anxiety) behaviors, but do not affect depression-related and feeding behaviors. This suggests the modulation of anxiety- and depression-related behaviors by leptin may occur via distinct neural circuits, (Liu, 2012).   Four years of use has shown our leptin signaling can help control stress or anxiety-related eating. Since our introduction of isoenergetic cell-signaling™ leptin in 2013, we have had continuing reports from consumers as well as weight management practitioners that people feel less stressed.  A corollary is that some people feel their stress or anxiety-related insomnia is also reduced.  We have learned that this is true for people regardless of whether or not they are of normal weight or overweight.  Given the effects of hyperleptinemia (excess leptin) which exists for people who are overweight, it is highly likely that the results would be more pronounced.   Taking No Thanks I’m Full leptin-signaling at the onset of stress-related eating. It is important to identify the activities and times when you stress eat.  Is it during the afternoon because of work conditions?  Is it because of social situations that result in your feeling stressed or anxious?  After you have identified these situations, take No Thanks I’m Full before such situations, if predictable and possible, or at least when you feel the urge to eat arise.  As we find with many people, forgetting to turn use it can’t be of benefit, so please don’t leave it on the shelf and forget that it is there to potentially help.   Leptin receptor activation in certain areas of the brain lessen anxiety-like behaviors. Leptin receptor are expressed on dopamine neurons and are shown to increase dopaminergic activity in the amygdala area of the brain.  Research by Liu, et.al. has shown that leptin receptor signaling in midbrain dopamine neurons play a crucial role in the expression of anxiety, (Liu,2011).  It has not be clinically proven whether or not isoenergetic leptin cell signaling can also lessen anxiety and anxiety-related eating behaviors, but anecdotal reports are showing that it can.   A possible combined immediate response and gradual response to leptin signaling. As excessive fat results in excessive serum leptin levels which means decreased leptin transport across the blood brain barrier (BBB) to the brain and thus compromised or dysfunctional leptin signaling, we have to consider several issues.  Is increased anxiety-related eating due to a leptin deficiency in the brain or leptin receptor signaling deficiency at the cell surface?  It could be due to both because (1) lack of adequate leptin levels in the brain reduce interactions with leptin receptors and (2) over time atrophy can results due to lack of signaling. The concept of neuroplasticity is involved in the therapeutic actions of rebalancing hormonal signaling.  It is shown that adult hippocampal neurogenesis can be promoted by leptin, (Garza, 2008).  So it is possible that in addition to an immediate response which isoenergetic cell signaling can promote, it may also take time for the leptin receptor status to normalize.   Improved leptin signaling may help persons with diabetes experiencing anxiety and depression. (Ates, 2014).   Several Questions * Could leptin help with PTSD? Yes, but underlying PTSD is an imbalance of the somatostatin-growth hormone axis, so correcting growth hormone signaling would probably be more beneficial.  Please try our Post Traumatic Stress Defense which was specifically formulas for PTSD. * Can I be on anti-anxiety drugs and still take No Thanks I’m Full?  We always recommend discussing these issues with your licensed integrative wellness practitioner.  However, they have reported to us that they generally have their patients start taking them separated by time as much as possible, they watch the drug’s side effects to see if they manifest, gradually reduce the drug’s dosage, and monitor to see if feelings of anxiety are also reduced. * As I lose weight should my stress-related eating also decrease?  As a person returns to his or her ‘normal’ weight blood levels of leptin should also normalize which means transport to the brain for balanced leptin signaling should also normalize.  Please note though that this may take time, and also established behaviors or routines are usually a part of how/when/why we eat.  So you may find continuing to take No Thanks I’m Full is helpful during this transition period.   Disclaimer Please note that we do not dispense clinical advice but encourage you to see your licensed integrative wellness practitioner.  This formula has not been evaluated by the FDA.  It is not intended to diagnose, cure, prevent or manage any disease.   References BBB * Baiey K, London ED, Monterosso J, et.al. Leptin replacement alters brain response to food cues in genetically leptin-deficient adults. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2007;104(46):18276-18279. DDD   * de la Mora MP, Cardenas-Cachon L, Vazquez-Garcia M, et.al. Anxiolytic effects of intra-amygdaloid injection of the D1 antagonist SCH23390 in the rat. Neurosci Lett. 2005; 377(2):101-105. FFF * File SE, Seth P. A review of 25 years of the social interaction test. Eur J Pharmacol. 2003;463:35-53. GGG * Garza JC, Guo M, Zhang W, et.al. Leptin increases adult hippocampal neurogenesis in vivo and in vitro. J Biol Chem. 2008;283:18238-18247. LLL * Liu J, Garza JC, Bonner J, et.al., Acute administration of leptin produces anxiolytic-like effects: a comparison with fluoxetine. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2010 Jan;207(4):535-545. * Liu J, Perez SM, Zhang W, et.al. Selective deletion of the leptin receptor in dopamine neurons produces anxiogenic-like behavior and increases dopaminergic activity in amygdala. Mol Psychiatry. 2011 Oct;16(10):1024-1038. MMM * Myers MG Jr, Munzberg H, Leinninger GM, Leshan RI. The geometry of leptin action in the brain: more complicated than a simple ARC. Cell Metab. 2009;9(2):117-123.  

NOVAFON SKINOLOGY – Vibroacoustical Technology Gentle and Effective Professional Skin Therapy NOVAFON SKINOLOGY is a sound wave based vibrational treatment tool that supports deep stimulation of the skin, neck, and facial muscles. It can be used over entire body. The vibroacoustical sound waves penetrate vertically down to the deep layers of the skin. This technology enables effects at the cellular level that a purely manual massage tool cannot achieve. This is the foundation of Novafon vibration therapy benefits, combining therapeutic depth with advanced skin and wellness applications. Key Novafon Benefits (Skin + Therapy Focus) The NOVAFON SKINOLOGY device supports: Absorption of beauty products into the skin Tightening of skin tissue Stimulates regeneration Smooths and tones tissue and muscle at the deepest levels Vibroacoustic waves penetrate up to 6 cm deep These define core Novafon benefits, especially for users seeking both recovery and skin improvement. How Novafon Works Novafon uses vibroacoustic sound waves that transmit controlled vibration energy deep into tissues. Unlike surface massage tools, it works at multiple layers to support: Muscle relaxation Improved circulation Deep tissue stimulation Enhanced skincare product absorption This is why Novafon vibration therapy benefits are widely used in both clinical and aesthetic environments. Who Should Use Novafon NOVAFON SKINOLOGY is suitable for: Individuals with muscle tension or discomfort Athletes and active users Chronic pain management routines Skin care professionals and therapists Recovery-focused wellness users It supports both clinical therapy and personal wellness use depending on the model. How Often It Can Be Used Novafon can be used daily or several times per week depending on goals. Short, targeted sessions are recommended Can be integrated into recovery or skincare routines Frequency depends on sensitivity and treatment purpose Regular use enhances long-term Novafon benefits. Is Novafon Safe for Facial Applications? Yes. NOVAFON SKINOLOGY is safe for face, neck, and body when used correctly. Suitable for all skin types Low-intensity recommended for facial use Avoid sensitive areas such as eyes Commonly used in professional skin treatments This supports strong Novafon skin therapy benefits in aesthetic applications. Made in Germany Quality Assurance NOVAFON SKINOLOGY is engineered and manufactured in Germany by Novafon, a global leader in vibroacoustic therapy devices for over 40 years. DIN EN ISO 13485 certified Strict medical-grade manufacturing standards Trusted in professional therapy environments How to Use STEP 1: Skin Preparation Deep cleansing or enzymatic peel Application of intensive serum STEP 2: Vibroacoustic Treatment Start with lowest intensity for sensitive skin Use caudal-to-cranial and medial-to-lateral movements Do not apply pressure — device weight is sufficient TIP: Simply glide over skin and allow vibration to work naturally. TIP FOR PROFESSIONALS: Use two devices simultaneously for faster and more intensive treatment. STEP 3: End of Treatment Gently massage in remaining serum or lotion Apply mask or hydration treatment Finish with moisturizer SPF is ALWAYS recommended NOTE: Additional facial zone-specific instructions are available in the device manual. Explore Novafon therapy device Shop Novafon Power 2 Testimonials The NOVAFON SKINOLOGY device was introduced in Germany and the United Kingdom and was quickly received with outstanding feedback and results! In the USA, SKINOLOGY was first discovered by Wellness Centers that cater to celebrities in the Los Angeles area. The secret’s now out…. NOVAFON SKINOLOGY Works! – I was introduced to SKINOLOGY by a friend. Skeptical as always… I tried it. After my second treatment and doing the HOME maintenance I was amazed at the results.— Teri, Austin TX – From the first time I felt Skinology on my face I could feel it was different than other devices that have been used on me. It made my spa experience more meaningful because the results were great. I bought the home model to use between spa treatments and I love that nice addition to the product line. This device is truly amazing. Anyone who is serious about their skin care needs to try it.— Ammara, Las Vegas FAQ’s Is SKINOLOGY only for women? No. Both men and women benefit equally from improved skin tone, texture, and wrinkle reduction. Is SKINOLOGY only for face and neck regions? No. It can be used across the entire body including arms, legs, knees, and elbows. Can I use the SKINOLOGY PRO model as my home device? Yes, although it is designed for professionals. The HOME model is simplified, but the PRO version can also be used for advanced personal use. Can I use SKINOLOGY without cream or serum? Yes, but it is not recommended. Skincare products improve absorption and enhance results. Is the SKINOLOGY device safe for all skin types? Yes. It is non-invasive and suitable for all skin types when used correctly. Summary The Novafon benefits combine deep vibration therapy with advanced skin and recovery support. From muscle relaxation to Novafon skin therapy benefits, it offers a multi-functional solution for both wellness and aesthetics in one device.

Maria Bloodworth, PharmD candidate Marlon Honeywell, PharmDAssociate Professor of Pharmacy Practice Charlie Colquitt, PharmDAssistant Professor of Pharmacy Practice Michael Thompson, PharmD, BCNSPProfessor of Pharmacy Practice, Assistant Dean of Clinical AffairsFlorida A&M UniversityCollege of PharmacyTallahassee, Florida Frank Emanuel, Pharm DDivision Director and AssistantProfessor, Florida A&M UniversityCollege of PharmacyJacksonville, Florida US Pharm. 2007;32(12):66-67. It is estimated that 10 to 20 million Americans suffer from neuropathy.1 Associated with various etiologies including diabetes, neurotoxic chemotherapy, alcoholism, and nutrient deficiencies, neuropathy is a microvascular syndrome that affects the autonomic, sensory, and motor neurons of the peripheral nervous system. Neuropathy can be misdiagnosed or undertreated and eventually results in neuropathic pain. Neuropathic pain, which results from nerve cell dysfunction, is characterized by diminished sensation, numbness or tingling in the extremities, deep-seated pain, or increased sensitivity to pain. This malfunction can lead to upregulation of sodium and calcium channels, spinal hyperexcitability, descending facilitation, and aberrant sympathetic-somatic nervous-system interactions. 2 Neuropathic pain can be debilitating, crippling, and even fatal for some patients. Treatments for neuropathic pain commonly include nonpharmacological therapies, medications, and invasive procedures such as spinal-cord stimulation.2 Conventional pain medications may mask the symptoms associated with neuropathy; however, they are sometimes associated with significant side effects and addiction profiles. Many patients have moderate to severe pain and may require chronic use of multiple medications, which may lead to undesirable adverse reactions and, ultimately, poor patient compliance. Pain is one of the primary reasons patients seek medical attention. If it is improperly controlled, quality of life can be affected, resulting in decreased productivity at work, sleep deprivation, or anxiety or depression.3 The ReBuilderThe ReBuilder is a noninvasive hand-held device approved by the FDA for the treatment of pain (see Figure 1).4 This treatment device was designed based on the premise that oxygen deficiency is responsible for physical atrophy of nerve cells, which leads to the enlargement of the synaptic junction between the axon of one cell and the dendrites of the next. As a result, it is more difficult for normal-intensity electrical impulses to jump across this synaptic gap, ultimately causing neuropathy (see Figure 2).4 The ReBuilder is designed to circumvent this gap by waking up dormant nerve cells, relaxing shrinking nerve cells, and restoring normal plus/minus polarity along the nerve axons and dendrites. The ReBuilder works simultaneously on three separate levels: stimulation of the nerves, stimulation of the muscles, and combined electrostimulation. The first signal is designed to stimulate the nerves by sending an electrical impulse with a very narrow wave-form and a relatively high transient voltage: 40 to 90 volts AC. This signal restores the nerve function and repolarizes synaptic junctions. The second signal stimulates the muscles by a different, wider waveform with a larger subthreshold amount of current under the curve and a much smaller voltage (5 to 20 AC).4 Simultaneously stimulating the muscles of the feet, calves, thighs, and buttocks, the ReBuilder evokes complete relaxation between each contraction stimulus. This increases the flow of oxygen-rich blood to the synaptic junctions, affording effective and efficient conduction of nerve signals. Combined electro­ stimulation uses twin electrical signals to stimulate the nerves and muscle cells. The manufacturer states that the twin electrical signals cause the brain to release endorphins, inducing a sense of well-being and reducing anxiety as well as physical and emotional trauma. Reduction of pain will lead to improvement in patient compliance and quality of life. Additionally, the ReBuilder features a simultaneous weighted DC signal designed to stabilize the trigger threshold that regulates the sensitivity of the nerve cell.4 By sending this constant DC signal, the resting potential is held at a fixed voltage long enough for the cell to stabilize itself and regain control.4 The ReBuilder is a patient-friendly device that can be used to treat neuropathic pain. It requires a 30-minute treatment window in which the patient applies conductive gel to each of the signal pads. The pads are then placed on the soles of the feet, the palms of the hands, the lower back, or the shoulders, as needed (see Figure 3).5 Pain relief may last for four to six hours after treatment. Two models are available: the 3000 (personal) and the 2406 (clinical)(Now 2407). Both contain the electric stimulator; two lead sets and six adhesive signal pads; a twin-compartment footbath; Cooling Cream; Electrolyte; Epsom salts; and two nonadhesive pads for use with the footbath. The manufacturer states that the footbath improves patient compliance because it delivers the signal across the entire surface of the foot for comfort, causing vaso­ dila­ t- a­ tion within capillaries and increased infusion of freshly oxygenated blood.4 Other application methods are available, such as heated massage boots and conductive socks and gloves. The heated boot vibrates and enables foot elevation.4 The 3000 personal model is used for moderate neuropathy and has two separate outputs, affording the patient the opportunity to concurrently treat two areas: the lower back and the feet. Patients with chronic lower-back pain and muscle spasms may prefer to use the 3000 model because of its portability and convenience. The 2406 (Now 2407) clinical model is used for advanced neuropathy, especially neuropathy that involves severe numbness. The 2406 (Now 2407) model may be beneficial for visually impaired or arthritic patients because of its large adjustment knobs and the large printing on the case. EfficacyReBuilder Medical, Inc. conducted an internal feedback study evaluating 450 cases. This study observed several different factors to determine the success rate in patients, including average pain level, highest level of pain, and improvement in quality of life. Initially and at the end of 10 treatment sessions, the average pain level was calculated. Observations indicate an average reduction in pain by 27.35% and an increase in quality of life by 81.14%. A decrease in symptoms was reported by 95.76% of patients, and 74.56% of patients felt immediate relief after the first session. Currently, several studies of the ReBuilder are ongoing.6 ConclusionAlthough several pharmacologic modalities may be employed to address neuropathic pain, pain control may not be achieved in all patients. The ReBuilder shows promise for pain mitigation and increased overall quality of life.  References 1. The Neuropathy Association. Peripheral neuropathy: facts. Available at: www.neuropathy.org/ site/PageServer?pagename=About_ Facts. Accessed June 18, 2007. 2. Gilron I, Watson CP, Cahill CM, et al. Neuropathic pain: a practical guide for the clinician. Canadian Med Assoc J. 2006;176:265-275. 3. McCarberg BH, Billington R. Consequences of neuropathic pain: quality-of-life issues and associated cost. Am J Manage Care. 2006;12(suppl 9):S263-268. 4. ReBuilder Medical Technologies, Inc. Available at: www.rebuildermedical.com/. Accessed June 1, 2007. 5. SeekWellness. What is the ReBuilder? Available at: www.seek wellness.com/conditions/diabetes/rebuilder.htm. Accessed June 22, 2004. 6. ReBuilder Internal Studies. Customer service department. Available at: www.rebuildermedical.com. Accessed June 21, 2007.

October 25, 2010 Dr. David PhillipsCEO and FounderReBuilder Medical RE: ReBuilder® System On behalf of the Oncology Rehabilitation team and the Medical Staff at Midwestern Regional Medical Center, I want to personally thank you for inventing and developing the ReBuilder® system, a fabulous medical device to help alleviate the symptoms of peripheral neuropathy. In the past, we have used traditional physical therapy electrical stimulation devices such as traditional TENS and Interferential Current (IFC), but the ReBuilder® system provided our patients with Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy (CIPN) the best and longest lasting pain relief while undergoing chemotherapy treatment. From 2005 to 2007 we treated 124 cancer patients with CIPN who were actively undergoing chemotherapy treatment at Midwestern Regional Medical Center of which 40% reported a 30% to 50% reduction in their pain scale, 53% reporting 10% to 20% reduction in their pain scale, and 3% reporting 50% or more reduction in their pain scale, and only 4% reported no change. With these remarkable results (96% success rate) the ReBuilder System is now being used across all four CTCA sites in Tulsa, Phoenix, Philadelphia, and Chicago – touching and helping more oncology patients relieve their CIPN symptoms. This calendar year alone, between all four sites, we have treated over 300 patients successfully. We believe in your product’s ability to alleviate CIPN symptoms for cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Patients have reduced or stopped taking pain medicine such as Gabapentin and Lyrica for CIPN. At CTCA… “It is only… and always will be…..about the patient.” Richard Stephenson, Chairman of the Board at Cancer Treatment Centers of America Subjective Patient’s Response Neuropathy & Clinical Research Chemotherapy is often used to treat different types of cancer. Unfortunately, the use of chemicals to breakdown certain parts of the body to kill cells will ultimately affect all fast dividing cells in the body. As a result several side-effects can and often do occur: Pain Nausea and vomiting Diarrhea or constipation Anemia Malnutrition Hair loss Memory loss Depression of the immune system, hence (potentially lethal) infections and sepsis Weight loss or gain Hemorrhage Secondary neoplasms Cardiotoxicity Hepatotoxicity Nephrotoxicity Ototoxicity There are currently about 15 widely used treatments for neuropathy. However, more than half of these are treatments that involve some form of medicine to be relied upon. Thus, this results in more side-effects, the very things that caused the problem in the first place. In some cases, hospitals are at risks when symptoms like neuropathy occur. In cases where there is a misuse, misdiagnosis, or an overdose, the hospital may find themselves in the middle of a lawsuit by the person who received the treatment. The patient has the right to seek council if a misuse of treatment has cause neuropathy or other related lasting effects. Most of the common reported symptoms are: Numbness Tingling Pain Hypersensitivity Stiffness On average most patients are seen 1-2 x prior to going home with a home unit. They continue to self treat at home. Instructions are given to use it daily up to 3x/day. No actual data at this time for follow up. This will be the next step.

AbstractSixty patients, with chronic pain of diverse etiologies, were treated with a modified TENS technique using a relatively inexpensive, low-frequency electro stimulator. The method and results of treatment are described, and possible explanations for the effectiveness of TENS therapy are examined. In summary, clinical experience indicates a relief rate of 88% in those cases studied, with observed pain relief varying both in duration and degree. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects were also noted. The ongoing home use of TENS patients is encouraged. January 1986 Robert D. Milne, M.D. and Fuller Royal, M.D.The Nevada Clinic6105 West Tropicana AvenueLas Vegas, Nevada 89103(702) 871-2700 IntroductionClinical interest is heightening in the use of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for control of pain syndromes of diverse etiologies (13, 4, 12). Recent studies have demonstrated the efficacy of TENS for the treatment of acute postoperative incision pain, and it has become an accepted alternative to conventional methods of treatment (6). Rheumatoid arthritis pain has been successfully treated with TENS (1). This study, which is part of a continuing attempt to assess the practical uses of TENS, was designed to test the hypothesis that specific low-frequency electrostimulation provides effective reduction of relatively non-severe pain and that it can be a useful adjunct for the overall approach to pain control. MethodsSixty patients with chronic pain consented for treatment. Each patient reported continuous or intermittent pain and had been previously seen by orthopedic and/or neurology physicians. Within this group of 60, 44 patients were considered to be suffering from mild to moderate pain; 6 other patients were classified as severe. Previous studies have indicated the effectiveness of wrist and ankle stimulation for treatment of pain syndrome (7). Low-frequency stimulation has also been used with good success (8). We felt that many of our patients had difficulty in understanding the proper application of TENS electrodes and we sought to find a simple, more universal approach for this study. The method ultimately selected for use is known under the appellation “REBUILDER® Footbath System.”1 Using this method, the patient receives low-frequency electrostimulation (within a range of 7-to-8 Hz.) from a portable, single-channel, battery-operated device (REBUILDER®) while appropriate portions of the body are immersed in water. Patients were first directed to fill ankle-deep with warm water a special twin-compartment plastic bucket. The patient then placed one foot or hand, along with one electrode lead connected to the electro-stimulator device, into the water on each side of the bucket. The device’s power dial was then turned on until a “tingling” sensation was felt in the submerged portions of the body. Once the “tingling” was felt, low-frequency electrostimulation was continued for a period of ten minutes for both the feet and hands. Treatments were self-administered once daily for periods of two weeks or longer. If no response was noted after two weeks, the treatment was termed a failure. ResultsData accumulated from 60 patients using the REBUILDER® Footbath System are summarized below in Table I. Table I. Statistical Summary of “REBUILDER® Footbath System” Study Results Diagnosis    Number of Cases    No Relief    Initial Relief    Long-Term ReliefOsteoarthritis    18    1    2    15Low Back Pain    13    2    3    8Neck Pain    7    1    2    4Elbow Pain    3    0    2    1Foot Pain    4    0    1    3Post-Herpetic Neuralgia    2    0    1    1Headaches    13    3    4    6TOTAL    60    7    15    38PERCENTAGE RELIEF: 88%PERCENTAGE LONG-TERM RELIEF: 63%PERCENTAGE NO RELIEF (after 5-to-6 treatments): 12% Since pain is a subjective phenomenon, the reduction of which it is difficult to a subjective scale. Responses were verbally elicited, along a scale ranging from 0-to-10, whereby a rating of 10 equated to “most severe pain” while a rating of 0/1 equated to “least pain. (11) Responses were then grouped and classified into one of three categories: “no relief”; significant relief (i.e., greater than 50% less pain), but lasting only through the “initial” treatments; and “long-term” or continued relief lasting throughout an additional three-to-six months of use. As documented in Table 1, the most gratifying results were obtained in elderly patients with osteoarthritis, whereby 15 out of 18 patients reported long-term relief. This finding is similar to that reported in a previously published study. Only one patient of the 18 we tested in this category was unaffected by treatment, and she had a severe deformity. Most other patients in this category noted decreased joint swelling in addition to continued pain relief. Six out of the 13 patients tested with migraine/headache syndrome achieved long-term relief using low-frequency, electrostimulation therapy. However, TENS therapy proved most helpful for the prodromal stage; for acute-phase sufferers, it was minimally effective and more invasive acupuncture/medication techniques were necessary. An interesting use was noted by Dr. Corson of a man with severe debilitating knee pain who had been recommended for knee-replacement surgery. He had such complete relief that he went out and worked in the yard all day and called in saying the knees were okay but he now had the cramps in his calves. His medication and vitamins were adjusted and he had improved. DiscussionThe long-term pain reduction noted in 63% of the patients with mild to moderate pain suggests that TENS stimulation, employing low- frequency electrical current, is effective in relieving moderate pain. Further, the anti-inflammatory effects of such electrostimulation techniques are encouraging. This has been noted by other investigators (8), while prior studies have also documented the significant healing of osteoarthritic joints, as demonstrated by x-ray examination. By way of explanation, Becker and his co-workers have suggested that this noted augmentation of normal healing results from amplification of a neural control signal that is more primitive than the discrete action potential. (2, 3) In particular, Becker et al feel that the perineural cells compose a DC control system and that the Schwann cells transmit the current of injury, which is interpreted consciously as pain. Other theories of action include the various “gate” theories summarized briefly below: Supranuclear or Psychic Gate Theory — argues that pain is blocked at the supranuclear/psychic level by suggestion, hypnosis, or placebo;Thalamic Gate Theory — argues that vibratory sensations activate the large A-beta fibers which, on reaching the thalamus, cause the reticular formation and limbic system to shut the “gate” on pain ascending through the spinothalamic and bulfothalamic tracts;Spinal Gate Theory (by Melzack and Wall (10)) — argues that large, more rapidly conducting A-beta fibers transmit the vibratory sensation of TENS, which enters the dorsal horn of the spinal chord and activates cells of the substantia gelatinosa, in turn, causing blockage of pain sensations arriving via the slower-conducting unmyelinated C-fibers at the segmental level; andPeripheral Gate Theory {by Campbell and Taub (5)) — argues that the pain and touch threshold is increased in the distal portion of extremities by percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation as a result of the blockage of peripheral sensory fibers.However, none of these “gate” theories is able to explain the fact that in most instances TENS affords pain relief of prolonged duration. We suggest that there is evidence that alteration of the cellular metabolism at the site of origin of focal pain can result in significant relief of varying duration and degree. We further propose that as Western physicians become increasingly adept at comprehending the true nature of the Yin and Yang balance of Chinese medical theory, and as further investigations of quantum physics dynamics on the subcellular energetic systems yield new information, it will become possible to formulate a more definitive theory of explanation. The use of a simple, effective, inexpensive, and portable TENS device achieves clinical significance in light of the burgeoning cost of medical care. The use of such low-frequency electrostimulation techniques enables patients to obtain ongoing home treatment, at a reasonable cost, in between visits to their physicians. Further studies are currently in progress to help better delineate the long-term effects of these devices. ReferencesAbelson, K., et al. “Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation in Rheumatoid Arthritis.”· New Zealand Medical Journal March 9, 1983; 96:156-158.Becker, R.O. “The Significance of Bioelectric Potentials.” Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics.1974; 1:187-199.Becker, R.O.; Reichmanis, M.; A.A.; and Spadero, J.A. “A Possible Biological Basis for Acupuncture.” Psychoenergetic Systems.Burton, c.v. “Pain Suppression through Peripheral Nerve Stimulation.” In Neural Organization and Its Relevance to Prosthetics. Monograph of Houston Neurological Symposium, 1972. : Intercontinental Book Corporation, 1973, pp. 241-251.Campbell, J.N. and Taub, A. “Local Analgesia from Percutaneo.us Electrical Stimulation: A Peripheral Mechanism.” Archives of Neurology May 1973; 28:347-350.Cotter, Dennis J. “Overview of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation for Treatment of Acute Postoperative Pain.” Medical Instrumentation July – Aug us_t 1983; 17.4:289-291.Hwang, Paul. “Wrist-Ankle Acupuncture: A New Technique.” American Journal of Acupuncture April-June 1977; 5.2:129.Ledergerber, Charles P. “Transcutaneous Electroacupuncture and Electroanalgesia.” American Journal. Acupuncture April-June 1979; 7.2:127.Man, P.L. and Chen, C.H. “Mechanism of Acupunctural Anesthesia.” Diseases of the Nervous System November 1972; 33:730-735.Melzack, R. and Wall, P.D. “Pain Mechanism: A New Theory.” Science November 19, 1965; 150:971-979.Rice, M.C. Electricity. Gynecology• Laing Co., 1909. Chicago, Illinois: L. I.Shealy, C.N. “Six Years Experience with Electrical Stimulation for Control of Pain.” Advances in Neurology 1974; 4:775-783.Sweet, W.H. and Wepsic, J.G. “Electrical Stimulation for Suppression of Pain in Man.” In Neural Organization and Its Relevance to Prosthetics. Monograph of Houston Neurological Symposium,1972. [Place of Publication]: Intercontinental Book Corporation, 1973, pp. 219-240.Wall, P.D. and Gutnik, M. “Properties of Afferent Nerve Impulses Originating from a Neuroma.” Nature April 1974; 248:740-743.

Renee S. Hartz MD, David B. Phillips Ph.D., Rita Wickham Ph.D., RN., Jill Howe DC, Dynamic Health and Wellness Center, Crystal Lake, Il, USA Renee S. Hartz, MD Dynamic Health and Wellness, Crystal Lake, Il1032 Baldwin LaneOak Park, Il 60302facsimile 708-386-5547 David B. Phillips, Ph.D. ReBuilder Medical, Inc. Rita Wickham Ph.D. Northern Michigan University Jill Howe, DC, Dynamic Health and Wellness Center, Crystal Lake, Il Abstract:We treated 551 patients for their nerve pain (Peripheral Neuropathy) using ReBuilder®, a unique TENS/EMS electrical stimulation device – used to determine if it improved the quality of the patients’ life. Fully 94% reported success. The patients reported no side effects. The ReBuilder® is safe and effective for treating peripheral neuropathy. Figures: Treating patients feet using the split compartment electrode-containing solution.Silver laced conductive gloves (not used in this trial). Socks also available.Close up of the ReBuilder®. Note the small size and portable nature.Mean pain ratings before and after using the ReBuilder®.  IntroductionPeripheral neuropathy (PN) is the most common neuromuscular disorder and usually presents as symmetric distal polyneuropathy. The estimated incidence of peripheral neuropathy in the general population is 2.4% and 8% in persons older than 55 (1). The most frequently reported cause of peripheral neuropathy is diabetes; 40%-50% of patients who have had type 2 diabetes for10 years have peripheral neuropathy and 26% of all diabetic patients have painful peripheral neuropathy (2,3). Another risk group is cancer patients who receive chemotherapy agents that are neurotoxic to the peripheral nervous system. These agents include (platinum analogs, taxanes, vinca alkaloids, thalidomide, bortezomib, and ixabepilone) (4,5). PN also occurs in patients with HIV and may arise in those with amyloidosis, Sjogren’s syndrome, or other conditions. In many cases is idiopathic (6,7,8). Whatever the cause, PN often causes significant morbidity PN can alter mobility and balance, fatigue, depression, anxiety, and decreased quality of life (9). Peripheral neuropathy has an insidious onset, starting in the distal ends of the longest neurons and progressing slowly over months to years. Manifestations originate in the toes and fingers. It then gradually progresses to the feet and hands (stocking and glove pattern). It rarely extends to above the knees and the elbows (8). Although PN can affect motor and (rarely) autonomic nerves, large and small afferent sensory neurons are most often affected by PN. Manifestations may include distressing bilateral nerve pain, paresthesia, and impaired temperature, touch, vibratory sense, proprioception, and loss of deep tendon reflexes (DTRs) (10). Some individuals also experience difficult to manage neuropathic pain in the affected areas. This arises as a direct consequence of the pathogenic event affecting the peripheral somatosensory system (11). In addition to paresthesia, individuals may experience other symptoms. These symptoms reflect damage to small A and C nerve fibers. Shooting, electric or shock-like, or stabbing (lancinating or knife-like) pain (9,12). Other persons report allodynia after contact with non-painful stimuli (e.g. clothing or bed sheets against the skin), pain when walking that feels like walking on marbles or on hot sand, or feelings of heat, burning, or cold in their feet. Most research has focused on diabetic neuropathy. There are few adequately powered, well-designed studies to firmly establish optimal pharmacologic treatment (Bril, et al, 2011)(13). Research regarding the management of peripheral neuropathy from other causes lags behind. There is little data supporting the use of non-pharmacologic measures. However, there is some intriguing data regarding transcutaneous nerve stimulation (TENS) and related technologies. For instance, Jin and colleagues (2010) (17) reviewed the literature to identify studies comparing TENS to sham treatment for symptomatic diabetic peripheral neuropathy. They identified only three small studies that met the inclusion criteria. These studies confirmed that active TENS (alone or with amitriptyline) used for 30 minutes once a day for 4-12 weeks was significantly superior to placebo in reducing pain and subjective symptoms of peripheral neuropathy. Similarly, Pieber and others (2010) (18) reviewed 15 studies of TENS and other forms of external electrotherapy (e.g. pulsed dose electrical stimulation, high-frequency muscle stimulation, frequency-modulated electromagnetic neural stimulation). They concluded these methods are continued benefits for patients with painful diabetic PN. Although four of the studies reviewed suffered from small sample sizes, most lacked a placebo or control group. Follow up was inconsistent across studies. Interestingly, there was some evidence that the electrical stimulation methods might be more effective than TENS. Hypotheses for these therapies is that they may act by supraspinal mechanisms, modulate descending inhibitory pathways, increase pain threshold, influence calcitonin, reduce windup, or reduce nerve impulse transmission from damaged neurons. Our clinical observations and reports from patients experiencing painful PN that support the potential value of a new device, ReBuilder®. (22) ReBuilder® is designed to deliver dual electrical stimulation to muscle and nerve tissues (ReBuilder Medical Inc.). We were encouraged to develop a more rigorous rationale for using or recommending this device. After discussions with several of our patients and their physicians, these patients and physicians expressed extreme frustration at the lack of effective therapeutic options. Some patients even expressed suicidal thoughts because of unrelieved peripheral neuropathy and pain. These findings form the basis for this preliminary study. A review and analysis of patient-generated data collected by ReBuilder Medical Inc. MethodsThe ReBuilder® device is registered with and approved by the FDA as a 510K pre-amendment version TENS (transcutaneous electrical stimulator) and an electronic muscle stimulator (EMS )(24). The ReBuilder® delivers energy via cutaneous electrodes to each foot (and hand, if indicated). Newer versions offer the alternative of silver-impregnated socks and gloves for signal output. (figure 1). According to the manufacturer, the ReBuilder® individualizes its outputs based on the physical mass and digital impedance of the individual using it which gives an unequaled level of safety. The very real medical advance is in the use of an internal microprocessor that analyzes the patient’s current, dysfunctional peripheral nerve waveform, and then designs a compensating waveform (like noise-canceling headphones) that it delivers to all the peripheral nerves from the spinal cord to the feet. Just as a pacemaker must imitate the waveform of a healthy heart or risk retrograde blood flow, it is reasonable that the peripheral nerves function via a very specific waveform. A common TENS device delivers a constant square wave that is foreign to the nerves. ReBuilder’s® impulses utilize very small amounts of current under the curve and a relatively high transient voltage of 40-90 volts. The resultant current is below that commonly produced by traditional TENS units. The device delivers a second, simultaneous, lower voltage (5-20 volts), wider waveform signal designed to stimulate muscle tissue. This signal causes the muscles of the feet, calves, and thighs and buttocks to intermittently contract and relax. Stimulating the venous muscle pump to empty veins thus allowing whatever arterial pressure is present to rapidly fill the vacated veins. This enhances local blood flow. Using this dual stimulation (80% nerve stimulation and 20% muscle stimulation) is pulsed at a frequency of 7.83 cycles per second. Theoretically, this allows afferent neurons time to repolarize between pulses. The dual stimulation is hypothesized to travel from the distal end of the ascending sensory neuron, across the spinal interneuron, and down to the distal end of the motor neuron in the contralateral limb. Sample 551 individuals who purchased the ReBuilder® between December 2002 and May 2004 comprised this convenience sample. These individuals responded to an Internet advertisement offering a financial incentive for trying a new treatment for peripheral neuropathy. The package the 551 respondents received included a ReBuilder® device and a simple survey questionnaire which they filled out and returned within three months. They were also asked to record their reason for using the device (pain or other symptoms) and to rate their pain, if applicable, on a numerical rating scale (NRS) of 1 (least) to 10 (worst) before and after using the device. Statistical AnalysisStatistical tests were performed using the SPSS software version 20 (IBM, Armonk, N.Y.), and included calculation of descriptive statistics, means, and frequencies for putting together categorical variables. Using a paired t-test to examine any differences in beginning and end of trial pain ratings in persons who reported initially reported pain. We performed a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), comparing the differences in pain score changes in the 3 groups of respondents; a) those reporting an improvement in pain, b) those who were unsure whether their pain improved, and c) those who stated that their pain had not improved. ResultsExcluded were twenty records, due to conflicting or confusing data. The remaining 531 records formed the basis of this report. Eighty-eight percent of respondents did not know the cause of their PN. Only 7% reported their neuropathy was due to diabetes, 3% reported it was anatomic, and 1% each reported toxic or vascular causes. We asked for no other demographic data. ANOVA revealed a significantly greater reduction in pain score in ‘yes’ responders, as compared to the ‘equivocal’ and ‘no’ responders (p<0.0001). In addition, 94% of respondents reported improved quality of life after using the ReBuilder®. A greater number of individuals reported on their satisfaction with pain relief (n = 515) than initially reported pain (n = 456). This discrepancy is explained by individuals who initially reported severe nerve pain or tingling in their feet but still reported an improvement in pain score. Testimonials from the questionnaires were not analyzed statistically.The most common comments were “miraculous relief,” “I can feel my feet again, ” I am no longer suicidal,” and “I have a life again.”Unexpected comments included ulcer-healing in 3 patients, resolution of fungal nail infection in one, and improved sexual function in 3 patients. DiscussionOne potential advantage of the ReBuilder® over other technologies including ST5 or TENS is its simplicity of use. In particular, the ST5 treatment must be administered in the clinic and ideally administered by a specially trained clinician. The manufacturer of the ST5 now requires that physicians attend a three-day training course. Additionally, the correct placement of electrodes for optimal local pain relief is why this course is required(23). There are two versions of the ReBuilder®, both FDA registered. One device is for home use and one device for clinic setting use. There are numerous causes of peripheral neuropathies. Axonal degeneration, occurring secondary to accumulation of toxins or neurotoxic agents could be the cause. Also, vitamin deficiencies inherited genetic abnormalities, hyperglycemia and glucose accumulation within neurons, or other causes(25). The external environment of neurons, such as vascular compromise or ischemia, inflammation, and oxidative stress may cause secondary demyelination and axonal dysfunction(2). Involvement of small and large sensory neurons often leads to manifestations such as nerve pain, tingling, dysesthesia and burning, as well as a change in temperature sensation and proprioception, and loss of DTRs. Resulting neuropathies may lead to severe pain, disability, erectile dysfunction, impaired ability to walk and drive safely, and decreased quality of life(23). There is no known cure for peripheral neuropathy and except in the case of diabetes mellitus, where tight glucose control has been reported to effect improvement(26,27). The treatment has been directed largely at relieving symptoms rather than treating the underlying cause. A common TENS is a simple, non-invasive treatment for neuropathic pain based on the gate control theory(28). that proposes stimulation of large myelinated A-fibers inhibits transmission of painful afferent impulses from A ? and C fibers to the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, thereby closing the gate. This hypothesis may be too simplistic, as central mechanisms may be involved. Furthermore, TENS therapy may not change C or A? mediated thresholds or perceptions (e.g. cold, warmth, cold or heat pain, vibration or touch)(29). TENS may be useful for localized neuropathic pain related to diabetes and other conditions and often leads to improvement of pain that diminishes with the cessation of TENS use(17,18,29) was an overall improvement in peripheral neuropathy pain at twelve weeks of treatment. Current evidence-based guidelines conclude TENS is “probably effective in lessening the pain of painful diabetic neuropathy and improving quality of life” (Bril et al)(13). The primary method of action is that of blocking the nerve path (by overstimulating the nerve cell with a foreign waveform simple square wave) delivered at a higher rate than 7.83 Hz (the rate required for a nerve cell to repolarize). The ReBuilder® is distinctly different from traditional TENS units. From “scrambling” types of electrical stimulation, its design opens the nerve paths rather than closing them. It also improves the microcirculation, re-polarizes and re-educates the nerves to follow the correct pathways rather than to confuse the nerve fibers. Its simple design allows for home use. Recent versions include silver-imbued gloves and stockings for home use, further simplifying the treatment process and making it portable. LimitationsThere is little information about the self-selected sample, particularly in terms of etiology and duration of peripheral neuropathy, and other medical data. Additionally, there is no follow up data regarding continued use and duration of pain relief in the yes responders. Correspondingly, we cannot say whether those whose responses were ‘equivocal’ or ‘no’ would respond with further use of the ReBuilder®; that is, we do not know the time frame in which the onset of and maximal pain relief occur. ConclusionWe have found no other published data or information that includes a large number of individuals (more than 500) experiencing painful neuropathy detailed in our report. Despite the limitations identified, we believe this provides compelling information that should drive larger prospective studies. Future studies should answer further questions that remain open: 1) can use of the ReBuilder® return some degree of peripheral normal sensation, 2) is pain reduction lasting or not, 3) can the ReBuilder® delay the onset of peripheral neuropathy in patients with diabetes or those who are prescribed neurotoxic chemotherapy? Other investigators may also be interested in elucidating the mechanisms of pain relief of the ReBuilder®. Our hypothesis is that the electric stimuli promote healing of the microcirculation and re-direct the small neurons into an appropriate arrangement. Finally, nerve conduction velocity (NCV) studies are considered the gold standard of diagnosing peripheral neuropathy, and should be included in future studies pre- and post-treatment to determine whether velocity improves. In this unpublished study, the ReBuilder® is found to be safe and effective in mitigating pain in peripheral neuropathy. Therefore, we highly recommend the ReBuilder® as a first choice for you to consider in the management of pain as a symptom of peripheral neuropathy. Figure 1The ReBuilder 2407 in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Care   ReferencesEngland JD & Asbury AK. Peripheral neuropathy.2004; Lancet 363: 2151-2161.Little AA, Edwards JL, Feldman EL. Diabetic Neuropathies. 2007; Pract Neurol 7: 82-92.Boulton AJM. Management of diabetic peripheral neuropathy.2005; Clin Diabetes 23: 9-15.Malik B & Stillman M. Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy.2008; Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep8: 56-65.Wickham R. Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: a review and implications for oncology nursing practice. 2007; Clinl J Oncol Nurs 11:361-376.Chaia J & Logigian EL. Neurological manifestations of primary Sjogren’s syndrome. Curr Opin Neurol. 2010; 23:509-513.Simpson DM, Schifitto G, Clifford DB, et al. Pregabalin for painful HIV neuropathy. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.2010; Neurology; 74:413-420.Vavra MW & Rubin DI. The peripheral neuropathy evaluation in an office-based neurology setting. 2011; Semin Neurol 31:102-114.Tesfaye S. Advances in the management of diabetic peripheral neuropathy.2009; Curr Opin Support Palliat Care 3:136-143.Kanji JN, Anglin RES, Hunt DL, Panju A. Does this patient with large-fiber peripheral neuropathy?2010; JAMA303:1526-1532.Treede R-D, Jensen TS, Campbell JN, Cruccu G, Dostrovsky JO, Griffin JW, et al. Neuropathic pain. Redefinition and a grading system for clinical and research purposes.2008; Neurol 70: 1630-1635.Hovaguimian A & Gibbons CH. Diagnosis and treatment of pain in small-fiber neuropathy. 2011; Curr Pain Headache Rep 15:193-200.Bril V, England J, Franklin M, et al, Evidence-based guideline: Treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy. 2011;Neurology 76:1758-1765.Jensen TS, Madsen CS, & Finnerup NB. Pharmacology and treatment of neuropathic pains. 2009; Curr Opin Neurol 22:467-474.Rahn EJ & Hohmann AG. Cannabinoids as pharmacotherapies for neuropathic pain: from the bench to the bedside. 2009; Neurotherapeutics 6: 713-737.Wilsey B, Marcotte T, Tsodikov A, Millman J, et al. A randomized placebo-controlled crossover trial of cannabis cigarettes in neuropathic pain.2008; Pain 9:506-521.Jin D-m, Xu Y, Geng D-F, Tan T-B. Effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in symptomatic diabetic peripheral neuropathy: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. 2010; Diabetes Res Clin Pract 89:10-15.Pieber K, Herceg M, Pernostro-Sluga T. Electrotherapy for the treatment of painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a review. 2010; J Rehab Med 42: 289-95.Ricci M, Pirotti S, Scarpi E, Burgio M, et al. Managing chronic pain: Results from an open-label study using MC5-A Calmare device. 2011; Support Care CancerMar 11, Epub PMID21394458Sabato AF, Marineo G, & Gatti A. Scrambler Therapy. 2005; Minerva Anesthesiol 71: 479-482.Smith TJ, Coyne PJ, Parker GL, Dodson P et al. Pilot trial of a patient-specific cutaneous electrostimulation device (MC5-A Calmare ) for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. 2010; J Pain Symptom Manage 40:883-891.Phillips DB. The ReBuilder System effective Treatment for Neuropathy and Chronic Pain. 2007;Gormsen L, Rosenberg R, Bach FW, & Jensen TS. Depression, anxiety, health-related quality of life and pain in patients with chronic fibromyalgia and neuropathic pain. 2010; Eur J Pain 14: e1-e8.Marineo G. Inaccuracy in the article “Managing chronic pain: results from an open-label study using MC5-A Calmare device in Support Care Cancer” (letter). 2011. Support Care Cancer 19:1483-1484.Head A. Peripheral neuropathy: Pathogenic mechanisms and alternative therapies.2006; Alter Med Rev 11:294-329, 2006Aring AM, Jones DE, & Falco JM. Evaluation and prevention of diabetic neuropathy. Am Fam Physician 71:2123-2128, 2005.Ismail-Beigi F, Craven T, Banerji MA, Basile J, Calles jet al. Effect of intensive treatment of hyperglycemia on microvascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes: an analysis of the ACCORD randomized trial. 2010; Lancet 376, 419-430.Chong MS & Bajwa ZH. Diagnosis and treatment of neuropathic pain. 2003; J Pain Symptom Manage 25 (suppl 5S): S4-S11.Dubinsky RM & Miyasaki J. Assessment: Efficacy of transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation in the treatment of pain in neurologic disorders (an evidence-based review). 2010;Neurol 74:173-176.

The preponderance of peer-reviewed research published from 1990 through January 2024 has found significant adverse effects from exposure to radio frequency radiation and extremely low frequency and static electromagnetic fields. Dr. Henry Lai, Professor Emeritus at the University of Washington, Editor Emeritus of the journal, Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine, and an emeritus member of the International Commission on the Biological Effects of EMF, has compiled summaries of the research on the biological effects of exposure to radio frequency (RFR) and extremely low frequency (ELF) and static electromagnetic fields (EMF). His set of abstracts which covers the period from 1990 to January 2024 constitutes a comprehensive collection of the peer-reviewed research. Dr. Lai reports that the preponderance of research has found that exposure to RFR or ELF EMF produces oxidative effects or free radicals, and damages DNA. Moreover the preponderance of studies that examined genetic, neurological and reproductive outcomes has found significant effects: 79% of more than 1,500 studies of RFR, and 87% of more than 900 studies of ELF and static fields reported significant effects. The collection contains about 2,500 studies. The abstracts for these studies can be downloaded by clicking on the links below. In 2011, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) of the World Health Organization classified radio frequency radiation “possibly carcinogenic to humans” (Group 2B). The IARC had planned to review RFR again by 2024 because most peer-reviewed studies published in the past decade found significant evidence that RFR causes genotoxicity; however this review has been postponed. IARC is likely re-classify RFR to either “probably carcinogenic to humans” (Group 2A) or “carcinogenic to humans” (Group 1) if IARC convenes EMF experts who have no conflicts of interest. Cell phones and other wireless devices also produce static and extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic fields. ELF was classified by the IARC as “possibly carcinogenic to humans” (Group 2B) a decade before RFR received this classification. Summary of Results (January 2024) Radio frequency radiation (RFR) 89% (n=316) of 354 RFR oxidative effects (or free radical) studies published since 1997 reported significant effects including 95% (n=82) of 86 studies with a SAR (specific absorption rate) ≤ 0.40 watts per kilogram (which is ten times less than the 4.0 W/kg threshold of harm that the FCC and the ICNIRP use to base their RFR exposure limits). 70% (n=328) of 466 RFR genetic effects studies published since 1990 reported significant effects including 79% (n=113) of 144 studies of gene expression. 77% (n=333) of 435 RFR neurological studies published since 2007 reported significant effects. 83% (n=280) of 335 RFR reproduction and development studies published since 1990 reported significant effects. Among the studies that reported significant effects, 56 studies used an exposure with a SAR ≤ 0.40 W/kg and 37 studies had a SAR ≤  0.08 W/kg. Extremely low frequency (ELF) and static electromagnetic fields 91% (n=286) of 316 ELF/static EMF oxidative effects (or free radical) studies published since 1990 reported significant effects. 84% (n=288) of 344 ELF/static EMF genetic effects studies published since 1990 reported significant effects including 95% (n=168) of 177 studies of gene expression. 91% (n=315) of 345 ELF/static EMF neurological studies published since 2007 reported significant effects. 75% (n=65) of 87 ELF/static EMF reproduction and development studies published since 1990 reported significant effects. Links to download each set of abstracts    RFR = radio frequency electromagnetic fields    ELF = extremely low frequency or static electromagnetic fields RFR Oxidative Effects studies RFR Genetic Effects studies RFR Neurological Effects studies RFR Reproduction / Development studies ELF Oxidative Effects studies ELF Genetic Effects studies ELF Neurological Effects studies ELF Reproduction studies List of  static / ELF low flux density studies that found effects Intermediate Frequency studies — Feb 4, 2023 (Updated Aug 4, 2023) Effects of Radio Frequency Radiation Exposure on Free Radical-Related Cellular Processes (290 studies) Dr. Henry Lai, Professor Emeritus, Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington This document contains abstracts for 332 studies published since 1997 that assessed the effects of radiofrequency radiation (RFR) exposure on free radical-related cellular processes. See pages 180-207 for the Table that summarizes key details about each study. Summary Of the 332 studies published from 1997- August, 2023, 297 (89%) studies reported significant effects; 36 (11%) studies found no significant effects.Change in cellular free radical status is a consistent effect of radiofrequency radiation.Effects can occur at low specific absorption rates (SAR) or power density of exposure. See 82 studies markedLIfor low intensity (less than or equal to 0.4 W/kg); 79 LI studies found effects.Effects have been reported at different frequencies, exposure duration, and modulations, and in many different biological systems, cell lines, and animal species. These data support the assertion that “Radiofrequency radiation affects cellular free radical processes.”Most of the studies are live animal (in vivo) studies with long-term exposure, e.g., daily exposure up to months.Some studies used mobile phones or RFR-emitting devices for exposure (see Table). The SAR and characteristics of RFR in these studies are not well defined. However, these studies should not be overlooked because they represent real-life exposure scenarios. Waveform modulations of radiofrequency radiation during wireless communication usage probably play an important role in biological effects. They are not revealed in studies that used a simple form of radiation (e.g., continuous-wave or GSM) and spatially uniformed fields. Researchers in bioelectromagnetics should realize that the perfect RFR exposure system simulating real life exposures simply does not exist. 

Grounding or Earthing is a technique people use balance and the body’s energy by using bare earth or other tools to sync the bodies electrical energy.  The planet Earth has a negative electric charge.  Some scientists theorize that there is a transfer of free electrons to the human body during grounding. This electrical conduction may lead to various physical effects, including pain reduction, changes in immune response, wound healing, effects on inflammation, and possible prevention and treatment of autoimmune diseases and chronic inflammatory conditions. The idea of grounding, or earthing, may sound unusual. Or, if you’re interested, you may wonder how exactly to ground yourself. There are multiple ways to perform grounding. Grounding exercises include standing or walking barefoot or pressing your bare hands into the grass or dirt.  However, many tools have been developed in modern society to provide the same electrical conduction as biological grounding. Grounding and its health benefits have existed for thousands of years in traditional Chinese medicine, Aboriginal cultures, and Indigenous communities. In the 1800s, well-known German scientists began proposing walking barefoot for health benefits.  Beyond legend and anecdotal evidence, a growing body of research supports and explores the physiological effects and possible health benefits of grounding. Some health benefits of grounding that have been studied include: Improved mood Increased heart rate variability Improved blood flow Improved immune system function (particularly the concentrations of white blood cells and cytokines) Reduced post-exertion muscle soreness Reduced pain Improved sleep quality (deeper and more restorative sleep) Boosted metabolic rate Reduced inflammation Reduced autoimmune signaling Disease prevention (particularly inflammatory and autoimmune conditions) Reduced stress Improved wound healing Improved physical function and energy Decreased fatigue and tiredness A 2015 Article published in the the National Library of Medicine “The effects of grounding (earthing) on inflammation, the immune response, wound healing, and prevention and treatment of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases”   provides incite and test results using grounding and its benefits.  

Hydrogen water, or hydrogen-rich water / hydrogenated water, is regular water that has molecular hydrogen gas (H2) infused in to the water.  Beneficially, water can be hydrogenated by dissolving molecular hydrogen gas into water under elevated pressure, thus resulting in hyper supersaturated solution.  Additionally, hydrogen molecules are extremely small and can easily penetrate water and stay dissolved in water for a good while. Hydrogen-rich water has gained significant attention as a potential health-promoting beverage.  Studies done on animals and humans the last few decades using molecular hydrogen-enhanced water show strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic benefits. In a 2019 Article/study published in the National Library of Medicine,  “A New Approach for the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disorders. Molecular Hydrogen Significantly Reduces the Effects of Oxidative Stress”    the abstract quotes “It favorably modulates signal transduction and gene expression resulting in suppression of proinflammatory cytokines, excess ROS production, and in the activation of the Nrf2 antioxidant transcription factor”. In a 2020 Article/study published in the National Library of Medicine, “Hydrogen-rich water reduces inflammatory responses and prevents apoptosis of peripheral blood cells in healthy adults: a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial”  findings suggests finding suggest Hydrogen Water “increases antioxidant capacity thereby reducing inflammatory responses in healthy adults”. An in depth article published in the National Library of Medicine referencing 50 separate studies including the article noted above provides a thorough and detail article solidifying the benefits of Hydrogen Water.  Most articles and studies still suggest additional research and protocols need to be developed but the research shows the benefits can be outstanding.  The article “Hydrogen Water: Extra Healthy or a Hoax?—A Systematic Review”   references the benefits with potential anti-cancer, anti inflammatory, anti-apoptotic properties.     The number of benefits from Hydrogen Water is extensive.    Improve Bladder Function  *  Cardiovascular health  *   Kidney & Liver health   May help Slow the Aging Process  *  Oral Health *  Weight Loss  *  Metabolic health Mental Health *  Anti- Oxidant  *  Promotes healthy Skin  *  And Much More!   There are a substantial number articles and studies available supporting hydrogen water and hydro therapy.   Research will continue and we’ll continue to update our available information to support the benefits.  

Mobile Phone Use and Risks of Overall and 25 Site-Specific Cancers: A Prospective Study from the UK Biobank Study Abstract for Multi Year Study Background: The association between mobile phone use and incident cancers remains uncertain. We aimed to investigate the relationships of mobile phone use with incident overall and 25 site-specific cancers in men and women. Methods: A total of 431,861 participants ages 38 to 73 years without prior cancers were included from the UK Biobank. Of these, 46.7% were male. Participants who used a mobile phone at least once per week to make or receive calls were defined as mobile phone users. The study outcomes were incident overall and 25 site-specific cancers. Results: During a median follow-up of 10.7 years, 35,401 (17.5%) men and 30,865 (13.4%) women developed overall cancer. Mobile phone use was significantly associated with higher risks of incident overall cancer [HR, 1.09; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06–1.12], nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC; HR, 1.08; 95% CI: 1.03–1.14), urinary tract cancer (HR, 1.18; 95% CI:1.05–1.32), and prostate cancer (HR, 1.19; 95% CI: 1.13–1.25) in men, and incident overall cancer (HR, 1.03; 95% CI: 1.00–1.06), NMSC (HR, 1.07; 95% CI: 1.01–1.13), and vulva cancer (HR, 1.74; 95% CI: 1.00–3.02) in women, but not with other cancers. Among mobile phone users, there was a dose–response relationship of length of mobile phone use with incident NMSC in men and women, and prostate cancer in men. Conclusions: There was a dose–response relationship of length of mobile phone use with incident NMSC in men and women, and prostate cancer in men. Impact: Our findings underscore the importance of limiting mobile phone use or keeping a distance from mobile phone for primary prevention of NMSC and prostate cancer. Published 01/2024 American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) To View Full article and test results go to AARC:  https://aacrjournals.org/cebp/article-abstract/33/1/88/732009/Mobile-Phone-Use-and-Risks-of-Overall-and-25-Site  

Article/Study,  December 22, 2022  Psychology TodayKEY POINTSRepetitive light and sound can entrain brainwaves.Anxiety and stress may be helped with AVE protocols between 7 and 10 Hz.Depression, ADHD, and cognitive decline may be helped with AVE protocols between 14 and 18 Hz.AVE devices are generally safe and can be used at home as an adjunct to other therapies.Audio Visual Entrainment or AVE, uses both sound and light stimulation to impact brainwave patterns (Siever & Collura, 2017). Most AVE devices consist of a set of glasses with lights built into the eyesets and headphones. The glasses and headphones are connected to either a small controller box or to the computer. Built-in programs in the software allow you to choose from a variety of settings that will cause the lights in the glasses to flicker on and off at specific frequencies. The tones in the headset will follow the same pattern. Once you choose your program, you sit back, close your eyes and enjoy the show for 15-25 minutes. The idea is that by providing the brain with a consistent repetitive signal, it will follow along (entrainment). For example, if I chose a relaxation program, the lights might flicker on and off 10 times a second. The brain responds to each of these signals, producing a 10-cycles-per-second brain wave (10 Hz), which is in the alpha frequency range associated with relaxed, internal attention. So, using this technology, you can influence the brain by encouraging it toward certain brainwave patterns, which can influence your state of consciousness. Woman generally used for relaxationThese devices and their specific programs are generally used for relaxation, to help with sleep, to increase feelings of alertness, to improve mood, or as a treatment option for a wide variety of mental health concerns. For example, many people with anxiety or chronic stress often have an excessive amount of fast brainwave activity (Price & Budzynski, 2009; Olbrich, et al., 2011), causing the mind to be overactive-thinking and worrying more than is helpful. An AVE program to counterbalance this hyperactivity would encourage the brain toward slower brainwaves (7-10 Hz), leading to feeling centered and relaxed. Research using this approach has demonstrated its effectiveness in reducing worry in college students (Wolitzky-Taylor, & Telch, 2010), reducing anxiety during dental procedures (Morse & Chow, 1993; Siever, 2003), and improving sleep (Tang, et al., 2016). People suffering from depression, ADHD, or cognitive decline often have the opposite challenge. Their brains may be producing an excessive amount of slow brainwaves, causing them to feel tired, unmotivated, inattentive, impulsive, or mentally “foggy” (Fernández-Palleiro, P., 2020; Garcia, et al., 2019; Jeong, 2004). AVE protocols designed to speed the brain up a bit (14-18 Hz) can often help pull the brain out of this pattern, resulting in a feeling of having more energy, optimism, executive function, and self-control. Research using this approach has been shown to improve concentration and memory in college students (Budzynski & Tang, 1998; Budzynski, et al., 1999; 2007; Siever, 2008), as a treatment for ADHD and behavior disorders (Carter & Russell, ,1993; Joyce & Siever, 2000), as a treatment for depression and risk of falling in seniors (Berg & Siever, 2004), and for improving brain function and memory in seniors (Williams, et al., 2006). AVE technologies are often used as an at-home adjunct to neurofeedback therapy. However, they can also be used to facilitate certain meditations or non-ordinary states of consciousness. For example, some meditations often lead to an increase of brainwaves between 8 and 10 Hz (alpha1). By using an AVE protocol that stimulates 9 Hz activity while you are practicing certain meditation approaches, you can provide a boost to that specific meditative state (Tarrant, 2017). Protocols that regularly shift frequencies and colors or maintain a solid color for an extended time (Ganzfeld) can also be used to induce altered states of consciousness (Wackermann, et al., 2008). While there is solid research behind this technique, it is important to note that results may vary. Everyone is different and it is impossible to know what approaches may or may not help without an appropriate assessment and some trial and error. The good news is that people tend to notice any change in mood or mental state soon after a session is completed. By experimenting with various protocols, light intensity, time of day, and length of session, it is usually possible to find one or more approaches that help. References Berg, K., & Siever, D. (2004). The effect of audio-visual entrainment in depressed community-dwelling senior citizens who fall. Unpublished manuscript. Mind Alive, Inc., Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Budzynski, T., Budzynski, H. K., & Tang, H. Y. (2007). Brain brightening: Restoring the aging mind. Handbook of neurofeedback: Dynamics and clinical applications, 231-265. Budzynski, T., Jordy, J., Budzynski, H. K., Tang, H. Y., & Claypoole, K. (1999). Academic performance enhancement with photic stimulation and EDR feedback. Journal of Neurotherapy, 3(3-4), 11-21.

“At least 45% of the nation’s tap water is estimated to have one or more types of the chemicals known as per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances, or PFAS, according to a new study by the U.S. Geological Survey. There are more than 12,000 types of PFAS, not all of which can be detected with current tests; the USGS study tested for the presence of 32 types.”  –  USGS PFAS is becoming a REAL ISSUE!   Currently, there are not yet any federally enforceable standards for PFAS in drinking water in the United States but the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has begun developing a national primary drinking water standard for PFOA and PFOS and is considering ways to evaluate additional PFAS. “Trace doses of several of the most-researched compounds have been linked to health issues from cancers and increased cholesterol levels to preeclampsia during pregnancy.3 Scientific research shows that PFAS affect the immune, endocrine and metabolic systems. 4, 5, 6, 7 But very little is known about a majority of PFAS, including how long they linger in our bodies (referred to as half-life), their toxicity and how different PFAs may interact in our bodies. Research into the potential health implications of PFAS indicates reason for concern. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), one of the most well-studied PFAS, has been linked to kidney and testicular cancer, 8, 9, 10 decreased antibody responses to vaccines, 11 liver damage, increased cholesterol levels,10 increased risk of thyroid disease, 10 increased risk of decreased fertility, decreases in birth weight, 12 and increased risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension and preeclampsia.10, 13 This evidence of harmful health effects led to the phasing out PFOA and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) in the United States.14 This USGS research marks the first time anyone has tested for and compared PFAS in tap water from both private and government-regulated public water supplies on a broad scale throughout the country. Those data were used to model and estimate PFAS contamination nationwide. This USGS study can help members of the public to understand their risk of exposure and inform policy and management decisions regarding testing and treatment options for drinking water.”  –  Center for Scientific Responsibility and Justice PFAS are a group of synthetic chemicals used in a wide variety of common applications, from the linings of fast-food boxes and non-stick cookware to fire-fighting foams and other purposes. High concentrations of some PFAS may lead to adverse health risks in people, according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Research is still ongoing to better understand the potential health effects of PFAS exposure over long periods of time. Because they break down very slowly, PFAS are commonly called “forever chemicals.” Their persistence in the environment and prevalence across the country make them a unique water-quality concern. A scientist wearing black gloves is collecting a sample of tap water from the kitchen sink using small plastic vials. Sources/Usage: Public Domain. Visit Media to see details.A USGS scientist wearing black gloves is collecting a sample of tap water from the kitchen sink using small plastic vials to test for PFAS.“USGS scientists tested water collected directly from people’s kitchen sinks across the nation, providing the most comprehensive study to date on PFAS in tap water from both private wells and public supplies,” said USGS research hydrologist Kelly Smalling, the study’s lead author. “The study estimates that at least one type of PFAS – of those that were monitored – could be present in nearly half of the tap water in the U.S. Furthermore, PFAS concentrations were similar between public supplies and private wells.” The EPA regulates public water supplies, and homeowners are responsible for the maintenance, testing and treatment of private water supplies. Those interested in testing and treating private wells should contact their local and state officials for guidance. Testing is the only way to confirm the presence of these contaminants in wells. For more information about PFAS regulations, visit the EPA’s website on addressing PFAS. The study tested for 32 individual PFAS compounds using a method developed by the USGS National Water Quality Laboratory. The most frequently detected compounds in this study were PFBS, PFHxS and PFOA. The interim health advisories released by the EPA in 2022 for PFOS and PFOA were exceeded in every sample in which they were detected in this study. Scientists collected tap water samples from 716 locations representing a range of low, medium and high human-impacted areas. The low category includes protected lands; medium includes residential and rural areas with no known PFAS sources; and high includes urban areas and locations with reported PFAS sources such as industry or waste sites. Sources/Usage: Public Domain. Visit Media to see details.This USGS map shows the number of PFAS detected in tap water samples from select sites across the nation. The findings are based on a USGS study of samples taken between 2016 and 2021 from private and public supplies at 716 locations. The map does not represent the only locations in the U.S. with PFAS.  Most of the exposure was observed near urban areas and potential PFAS sources. This included the Great Plains, Great Lakes, Eastern Seaboard, and Central/Southern California regions. The study’s results are in line with previous research concluding that people in urban areas have a higher likelihood of PFAS exposure. USGS scientists estimate that the probability of PFAS not being observed in tap water is about 75% in rural areas and around 25% in urban areas. – Content from US Geological Survey 2023

Article by Amy Myers, MD You have likely heard a lot of discussion about cold plunges, or you may have seen a celebrity with a cold tub such as Plunge. Jumping into a tub filled with ice cold water might not sound like a lot of fun. However, the cold plunge benefits for your health are undeniable.   I recently tried this phenomenon, and it was exhilarating. I’ll admit it was a tad intimidating at first, knowing I was taking a plunge in a tub of water that was 52 degrees Fahrenheit. Yet, I could relax and focus on my breathing once the initial shock wore off. I can see why so many people are diving into this trend.   However, cold plunges aren’t anything new. This form of therapy has been around for centuries. A cold plunge is a type of hydrotherapy that involves immersing oneself in cold water for a short period. The temperature of the water can vary, but it is typically between 50°F (10°C) and 60°F (15.5°C). The duration of the plunge can also vary, but it is usually between 30 seconds and 3 minutes. How long and how cold is completely up to you!   The benefits of a cold plunge range from reducing inflammation, supporting your immune system, helping with recovery, and promoting weight loss. I will explain why you should submerge yourself into the benefits of a cold plunge and the many ways you can support your immune system.   What are the Top Five Cold Plunge Benefits? There are many great physical and mental cold plunge benefits. Several studies show that cold plunges increase baseline dopamine.1 Dopamine is your reward-seeking chemical messenger that boosts your mood. Another cool benefit of a cold plunge is that it’s been shown to improve the quality of sleep.2 Let’s dive into the top cold plunge benefits.   A Cold Plunge Facilitates a Healthy Inflammatory Response Inflammation is at the root of nearly every modern, chronic illness. Cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, Alzheimer’s, autoimmune disease, and even cancer can all be connected with the body’s inability to keep up with the bombardment of inflammation we experience on a day-to-day basis. The most significant cold plunge benefit is that it has been shown to reduce inflammation.   When the body gets exposed to cold water, it triggers vasoconstriction. Vasoconstriction causes the narrowing of the blood vessels, which reduces blood flow to the extremities and redirects it to the vital organs.3 This response reduces inflammation by reducing the amount of blood flow to the inflamed or affected area, which reduces swelling and pain.   Cold water immersion also has been shown to reduce the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the body. Cytokines are proteins involved in the immune system response. They are the front line defense that signal the immune system to send the troops to fight bacteria or viruses that enter the body.   If your inflammatory response and cytokines can’t tell the difference between healthy cells and a foreign invader, too many cytokines build up and lead to chronic inflammation and autoimmune disease.   The vasoconstriction response and reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokines contribute to the anti-inflammatory effects of cold water immersion. Incorporating cold plunges into a regular health and wellness routine may benefit individuals with chronic inflammation.   Cold Plunges Support Your Immune System Cold plunges benefit your immune system in several ways. For starters, cold plunges promote the production of white blood cells necessary for fighting off infections and viruses. Research shows that when your body temperature decreases during a cold plunge or a cold shower, the body activates your immune system, releasing more white blood cells.4   I mentioned how cold plunges reduce inflammation. Chronic inflammation weakens the immune system because your inflammatory response is always on. Imagine your immune system is a light bulb. If it’s always on, it will eventually lose power, and the brightness of the light weakens. If your immune system’s inflammatory response is always on, it becomes tired and weak and can’t fight off foreign invaders effectively.   Cold Plunges Speed up Exercise Recovery Cold plunges are gaining momentum in the fitness industry because of their benefits for recovery from exercise. Exercise, as healthy as it can be for you, can cause muscle damage and inflammation, leading to soreness and decreased performance.   When you are recovering, your body rebuilds and repairs tissue in your muscle. Cold plunges benefit this process by reducing inflammation and increasing blood flow to the muscle. The increased blood flow helps deliver oxygen and nutrients to the damaged tissues, promoting faster recovery.   Cold Plunge Benefits Blood Circulation Another great benefit of a cold plunge is improved blood circulation. When you immerse your body in cold water, your blood vessels constrict, slowing blood flow and reducing inflammation.   This constriction can also help to push blood and lymphatic fluid out of the extremities and into the core of the body, which can help to flush out waste products and improve circulation. I’ll talk more about that shortly.   Once you exit the cold water, your blood vessels dilate, increasing blood flow and bringing fresh oxygen and nutrients to your cells.   Cold plunges can also help to activate the sympathetic nervous system, which is responsible for the “fight or flight” response. This activation can stimulate the release of adrenaline and other stress hormones, increasing blood flow to your muscles and organs, and promoting better circulation.   Cold Plunges Promote Detoxification Your lymphatic system is your body’s garbage disposal system. The lymphatic system is a network of vessels and tissues that helps to remove waste and toxins from the body and supports the immune system. A benefit of cold plunges is increased lymphatic flow.5 Cold plunges cause muscle contraction, stimulating lymphatic drainage to move waste through your body.   Another way cold plunges promote detoxification is by stimulating the body’s production of antioxidants. Antioxidants are molecules that help to protect the body from oxidative stress, which can damage cells and tissues. Exposure to cold water has been shown to promote natural glutathione production.6   A Cold Plunge Benefits Brain Health One of my favorite benefits of a cold plunge is the increased dopamine and endorphins to boost my mood. Dopamine and endorphins promote feelings of pleasure and euphoria and cold plunges increase dopamine and endorphin production in many ways. Cold plunges stimulate the release of adrenaline and other stress hormones, which increases dopamine and endorphins.   Both endorphins and dopamine positively impact your mood, yet they function in different ways. For example, your body releases endorphins when you exercise to keep you from feeling pain. They do this by attaching to your brain’s opiate receptors, or the reward center. This stimulates the release of dopamine.   Dopamine is a reward chemical that positively impacts  our heart rate, learning capacity, motivation, focus, sleep, and mood. The high levels of dopamine after working out is why you seek a reward after.   Furthermore, endorphins are your body’s natural pain reliever. Cold water stimulates your body’s natural pain response, which is the release of endorphins to block the pain receptors in your brain. Endorphins improve your sense of self-worth, reduce stress, and provide a sense of euphoria.   Outside of the benefits, there are many reasons cold plunges have grown in popularity.   Why are Cold Plunges Popular? Cold therapy has been around for decades as a treatment for inflammation. How many times have you used an ice pack to relieve pain quickly? However, in the past 40 years, we’ve uncovered even more benefits using cold temperatures for their health benefits. Most notably, cold plunges have become increasingly popular among athletes and exercise enthusiasts in recent years to speed up recovery.   Japanese doctor Toshima Yamuchi developed cryotherapy in 1978 as a treatment for rheumatoid arthritis. One study confirmed his work and found cryotherapy reduced pain and inflammation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. In fact, several studies showed improvements in pain reduction and inflammation among patients with autoimmune diseases.   Cold water immersion has been shown to reduce inflammation, improve circulation, and enhance recovery after exercise. It can also boost the immune system and improve sleep quality. Some people also believe that cold plunges can help to promote weight loss by increasing metabolism.   Believe it or not, one of the primary reasons people are doing cold plunges is for the experience. Some people find the cold water exhilarating and enjoy the sense of invigoration it provides. Cold plunges can also be a form of self-care and promote overall well-being.   Now that we’ve covered everything cold plunges, let’s talk about how to support your immune system. It begins in your gut.   How to Support Your Immune System Cold plunges aren’t the only way to support your immune system. As I always say, optimal health starts in your gut. Your gut and immune system share a fascinating connection. You cannot have a strong immune system without a healthy gut. The best way to support your immune system is to take care of your gut by keeping your microbiome balanced.   A balanced gut microbiome is critical to a healthy immune system. A situation known as dysbiosis occurs when the balance of bacteria in the gut gets thrown off. Over time, having this dysbiosis in your gut microbiome will eventually lead to a leaky gut.   If your gut is leaky, food particles, toxins, and infections can get through your intestinal lining and into your bloodstream where your immune system detects them as foreign invaders and goes on high alert, attacking them and creating inflammation. One main way inflammation occurs is that many of these food particles (especially gluten and casein, a protein found in dairy), toxins, and infections look very similar to your body’s cells. Your immune system gets confused and accidentally attacks healthy tissues which leads to autoimmunity. This process is called molecular mimicry.7   Additionally, when your gut microbiome becomes unbalanced and contains more bad than good bacteria, the harmful bacteria become opportunistic and can lead to SIBO (Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth) or Candida overgrowth. Over time, having this dysbiosis in your gut microbiome will eventually lead to a leaky gut. So, to support your immune system, you must repair your gut.   How to Repair Your Gut In functional medicine, we use the proven 4R approach to repair your gut:   Remove the bad – Get rid of anything that negatively impacts the environment of your gastrointestinal tracts, such as toxins and inflammatory foods, as well as intestinal infections, such as SIBO and yeast overgrowth. Restore what’s missing — Add Gut Restore with Betaine and HCL and digestive enzymes to your daily regimen to help support digestion and nutrient absorption. Reinoculate with healthy bacteria — Restore beneficial bacteria with a probiotic supplement to re-establish a healthy balance of bacteria to heal your gut. Repair the gut — Provide the necessary nutrients to help the gut repair itself. Leaky Gut Revive® Max is my No. 1 tool to repair a leaky gut and support your immune system. Collagen protein or drinking bone broth also are great tools for gut repair. Additional Support While repairing your gut, you’ll want to give your immune system additional support with vitamin D. Many immune cells have Vitamin D receptors, including macrophages, dendritic cells, monocytes, T-cells, and B-cells. As such, Vitamin D plays a significant role in modulating both innate and adaptive immune responses.   One of the best ways to naturally increase your vitamin D levels is by spending time in the sunlight. However, sun exposure does come with risks. Too much sun exposure can lead to early aging, a weakened immune system, skin cancer, and eye damage.   If your vitamin D3 levels are below the recommended range of 60-90 ng/mL, I recommend that adults take 5,000 daily IU of a high-quality Vitamin D3/K2 and children take 2,000 IU   To support a healthy inflammatory response, I recommend adding Liposomal Curcumin.   Most curcumin and turmeric supplements aren’t easily absorbable. Liposomal Curcumin. solves the problem of poor absorbability and bioavailability by surrounding the curcumin molecule with a thin layer of healthy fat which is easier to absorb in the intestinal lining.   Curcumin is the primary curcuminoid found in turmeric and is a powerful free radical scavenger, which is important for optimal immune system function as free radicals cause inflammation throughout the body. Not only does curcumin positively impact your body’s inflammatory response it also promotes the production of T-cells that favorably affects cytokine production.   The Final Word on Cold Plunge Benefits Cold plunges are generally safe and easy to do at home without needing a fancy tub or a med spa. Simply run a cold bath, add ice, and reap all the benefits of the cold plunge. You can start slowly and increase the time you spend in the cold water. It’s hard to ignore the many amazing benefits of a cold plunge, such as faster recovery, reduced inflammation, better circulation, and detoxification. I recommend trying a cold plunge and seeing if it works for you.   Article Sources Human physiological responses to immersion into water of different temperatures. P Srámek, et al. European Journal of Applied Physiology. 2000. How a Cold Shower Before Bed Affects Your Sleep. Rachel Nall, MSN, CRNA. Healthline. 2021. Effects of Cold Water Immersion on Muscle Oxygenation During Repeated Bouts of Fatiguing Exercise. Simon S. Yeung, PhD, et al. Medicine v95. 2016. Effect of winter swimming on hematological parameters. Giovanni Lombardi, et al. Biochemia Medica. 2011. Taking the Plunge: Is Cold Exposure Worthwhile?. Cedars Sinai. 2022. Uric acid and glutathione levels during short-term whole body cold exposure. W G Siems. Free Radical Biology & Medicine. 1994. Molecular Mimicry as a Mechanism of Autoimmune Disease. Giovanni Lombardi, et al. Nature Public Health Emergency Collection. 2012.   **  Amy Myers, MD is a two-time New York Times bestselling author and an internationally acclaimed functional medicine physician.  Dr. Myers specializes in empowering those with autoimmune, thyroid, and digestive issues to reverse their conditions and take back their health. In addition, she is a wife, mother, and the successful founder and CEO of Amy Myers MD

Cold plunging is a powerful wellness technique that has been used for centuries to promote physical, emotional, and mental well-being. It has recently gained popularity among wellness enthusiasts for its many benefits, with more people than ever before jumping into cold pools, ice baths, and even cold lakes. But now, convenient technology like the TheraFrost allows you to have the same experience with amazing benefits from the comfort of your own home.   The practice of cold plunging involves immersing oneself in icy water for a short period. If you are wondering how this works and how to do it safely, you are in the right place. In this guide, we’ll discuss the best practices for cold plunging and the benefits of this technique on the body and mind.   Step 1: Get the Right Equipment TheraFrost is a top-notch product in the market that offers the best cold plunge experience at home. It is portable, has a programmable digital chiller design, and is made of high-grade industrial airplane rubber to ensure durability. Its innovative design allows you to control time and temperature via an app available for both iOS and Android. The TheraFrost cold plunge system comes with an integrated ozone system to keep the water pure and clean. It’s an investment worth considering for your wellness routine! But if you don’t have the resources, you can follow these same guidelines with an ice bath in your bathtub or taking a dip in a cold lake. Step 2: Prepare Your TheraFrost Prepare your TheraFrost cold plunge system by filling it up to the recommended level of 90% (approximately 101 gallons). Use the digital programable chiller to set your desired temperature. The optimal range for a cold plunge is between 50-59°F (10-15°C). However, beginners can start with slightly warmer temperatures and gradually decrease as they acclimate to the cold. Choose your temperature and choose the amount and timing to ozonate your plunges, and you’re ready to go! Step 3: Prepare Your Body It is essential to prepare your body before taking up cold plunging. Firstly, good hydration is critical, so make sure you drink plenty of filtered water before taking the plunge. Optionally, start with a warm bath and some light exercise to raise your body temperature and loosen up your muscles. Start with a few stretches or a quick yoga routine to get your blood circulating, and prep your muscles for the cold water. Step 4: Dip In and Start Slow When it’s time to plunge, slowly immerse yourself into the water. Remember to breathe slowly and deeply, helping to calm your body’s natural fight-or-flight response. If you’re sensitive: Start with a brief, shallow plunge and gradually increase the length as your body acclimates to the temperature. You can lower your body temperature gradually with each session, but try not to stay in the cold water for more than a minute in your first few sessions. Your goal is to submerge your entire body up to your neck. Step 5: Time Your Plunge As a beginner, start with a plunge of around 1-2 minutes. As your body adapts, you can gradually increase this time, but generally, it’s not recommended to stay in for longer than 15 minutes. The cold water may cause you to gasp for air, and that’s normal. This instinctive response to the cold water can make you feel like you’re not in control. Take deep breaths and focus on your exhales when you’re in the water. Step 6: Breathe As mentioned, breathing can be a really useful way to deal with the cold temperatures while you’re in the water. Here are a few to try: Box Breathing: This technique involves inhaling, holding your breath, exhaling, and holding your breath again, each for a count of four. It helps to calm the nervous system and is an excellent exercise to start with during your plunge. Wim Hof Breathing: This method involves 30 cycles of breathing in deeply, then exhaling only partially. After the 30 cycles, you exhale completely and hold your breath as long as you can. After you’ve held your breath for your maximum time, take a deep breath in and hold it for 15 seconds. You can repeat this cycle 3-4 times. It’s a technique developed by Wim Hof, also known as “The Iceman,” who is known for his extraordinary ability to withstand cold.   Diaphragmatic Breathing: Also known as belly breathing, involves breathing deeply into your diaphragm rather than shallow breathing in your chest. It’s best practiced lying down or sitting comfortably, making it perfect for a cold plunge. Take slow, deep breaths in, letting your belly rise as your lungs fill with air. Exhale slowly and let your belly fall. This type of breathing promotes relaxation and can help manage the initial shock of the cold.   4-7-8 Breathing: In this technique, you inhale quietly through your nose for 4 seconds, hold your breath for 7 seconds, and exhale forcefully through your mouth for 8 seconds. This method is excellent for maintaining calm and focus during a cold plunge. Step 7: Get Out and Warm Up After your cold plunge, it’s essential to warm up right away. Wrap yourself in a warm towel or blanket. Try moving around — jumping jacks, yoga, or stretching can help circulate your blood and raise your body temperature quickly. Or better yet, hop into your Thera360 Plus for the ultimate cold and hot therapy experience. This will prevent your muscles from getting too stiff and sore, and will also help prevent any after-effects on your body. Step 8: Enjoy the Benefits The benefits of cold plunging are numerous, and we think you’ll notice these with your TheraFrost. Cold plunging helps lower inflammation in the body, helps boost metabolism, and aids with relaxation and stress relief. Many people find cold plunging to be cathartic in that it forces them to face their fears and enter a meditative state. After a few sessions, you may find it can lead to an immense sense of wellness and vitality. Like any wellness practice, consistency is key. Make it a regular part of your routine, whether that’s daily, every other day, or a few times a week. Remember to utilize the TheraFrost’s ozone system to ozonate your water regularly. This will keep the water clean and pure, reducing the need for frequent water changes and ensuring a refreshing and healthy plunge every time. NOTE: The TheraFrost cold plunge system is not a substitute for medical treatment. Always consult a healthcare provider before starting any new health regimen. Happy Plunging!

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